Creative, Innovative and Cool Bookmarks

Creative and Cool Bookmarks.

Collection of ‘Creative and Cool Bookmarks’ from all over the world.

Pointing Finger: "It's just like a highlighter, whether the book is written from left to right or top to bottom, as long as you "point" the finger symbol where you finish, next time you want to read, you can find where you read to right away. It easily solves the weakness of regular bookmarks not being able to accurately point out which line was read to."

Green Leafs Bookmark: Brought to you by Yuruliku, it brings greenery to your bookshelf.

Cook Bookmark: This clever bookmark is sure to provide quick access to your favorite recipes while keeping cookbook pages clean.

Mark-My-Time Digital Bookmark: These are designed to monitor the reading time of your kids and keep track as to how long they have been studying.

Cool Bookmark:

Save Bookmark: Creative paper bookmark with a Save icon on it; creation of graphic designer Igor Rogix Udushlivy, this bookmark was part of his iconote concept.

Liquid Bookmark: Each of these bookmarks is hand-made by the designer, which makes each design completely unique.

DIY Bookmarks: Learn how to make your own bookmark - details.

Bookmark II: A clever idea, with a simple rubber band with an indicator that wraps around a book and show the last line you were reading.

Booklight Bookmark: This handy device functions as a bookmark and also a portable reading light.

Beaded Wire Bookmark: Make your own beaded wire bookmark - details.

Favbook Bookmark: "The lens is made from high quality durable plastic, frame of silver."

MARK Bookmark: Creative concept bookmark by designer Avnish using FOLED technology. At night it lights up and covers the area you're reading.

Abracadabra Puffy Bookmark: "The Abracadabra contains an air-filled chamber, half of which is flattened by the weight of a book. Squeezing the exposed side inflates the concealed side lift the page just enough for your finger to slip in."

Hands Bookmark: "It appears to look like people that have been stuck between your pages."

Feather Bookmark: This one is designed to be used as a USB drive and a bookmark; comes with 2GB of storage.

Beautiful and Innovative Bookmarks.

These beautiful bookmarks and innovative bookmark designs are sure to add some spice to your reading.

Night Light Bookmark: This lamp designed for night reading shuts off automatically when covered with a book while at the same time it works as a very intuitive bookmark.

Cute and Clever Magnetic Bookmarks: These cute magnetic origami bookmarks bend backwards to hold your page for you.

Skyline Bookmark: Metal skyline bookmark designed by I Kwong.

Terminix Magazine Bookmark: This clever bookmark comes from the magazine advertisement of 'Terminix'.

Lili Lite: It's a night lamp, bookshelf and bookmark in one; to turn off the light, you'll have to put an open book on the shelf and the light will turn off for you. And when the book is picked up again, the light automatically turns on.

Note Bookmarks: Bookmarks in the shape of petals from a flower by Hana Fusen.

P-Hook Bookmarks: These clever hooks are good as bookmarks and it makes easier for you to pull out the books from bookshelf.

Wall Bookmark: A brilliant combination of a bookshelf and bookmark in one.

Bookmark For Children: This bookmark comes from the advertisement of Children foundation, Turkey.

Great Book Cover and Bookmarks: Clever bookmarks created to let the readers know what the book holds for them.

Bunny Bookmarks: These cute bookmarks are made out of paper with adhesive backing, making it easy for you to write a brief note and pick up exactly where you left off.

Flat Bookmark: This bookmark reminds of the old days of pressed flowers and old receipts used as bookmarks.

Photo Bookmark: Cool to look, simple to make; all you need is a ribbon and a photograph.

Bookmarker: It's a bookmark, book strap and pen all in one easy to carry object.

Corner Bookmark: A creative way to re-use old envelopes by cutting the corners to make bookmarks.

invertebrate animal phylum Arthropoda

An arthropod is an invertebrate animal phylum Arthropoda,  and include the insects, arachnids, crustaceans, and others. Arthropods are characterized by their jointed limbs and cuticles.

The skeletal system in the  phylum, arthropoda, is made up of invertebrate and insects with exoskeletons. An exoskeleton means that the skeleton is outside of the insect.

Arachnids

An arachnid's skeletal system is mainly their outermost layer, the exoskeleton. They are
 joint-legged invertebrate animals. All arachnids have eight legs. Arachnids also have two further pairs of appendages that have become adapted for feeding, defense, and sensory perception. They have no antennae or wings. Their body is organized into two tagmata called the prosoma, and the opisthosoma. They also have an internal structure of cartilage-like tissue called the endosternite, to which certain muscle groups are attached.

---

Crustaceans

As explained before, crustaceans' skeletal systems are on the outside of the body and are known as exoskeletons. The exoskeletons of crabs and lobsters are made of chitin, which is responsible for making the shells hard.  The shells of crustaceans provide more than just a shield of protection for these two groups of marine life. The shells also provide a large variety of life sustaining functions for these small sea creatures as their exoskeleton. Crustaceans go through a molting process as they grow. A new exoskeleton grows underneath the existing one the process takes two to four days. Once the new exoskeleton is in place, the old one is shredded. It takes an additional two to three days for the new one to completely attach and adjust to the crustacean's body. The shell also provides support for the muscles and joints so it can move about freely.

---

The insect outer skeleton, the cuticle, is made up of two layers: the epicuticle, which is a thin and waxy water resistant outer layer and contains no chitin, and a lower layer called the procuticle. The procuticle is chitinous and much thicker than the epicuticle and has two layers: an outer layer known as the exocuticle and an inner layer known as the endocuticle. The tough and flexible endocuticle is built from numerous layers of fibrous chitin and proteins, criss-crossing each others in a sandwich pattern, while the exocuticle is rigid and hardened. The exocuticle is greatly reduced in many soft-bodied insects, especially during their larval stages.

Insects are the only invertebrates to have developed active flight capability. Their muscles are able to contract multiple times for each single nerve impulse, allowing the wings to beat faster than would ordinarily be possible. Having their muscles attached to their exoskeletons is more efficient and allows more muscle connections. Crustaceans also use the same method, but spiders use hydraulic pressure to extend their legs. Unlike insects, though, most aquatic crustaceans are biomineralized with calcium carbonate extracted from the water.

Skeletal System

Representative arthropods. Uniramia, the largest of the arthropod subphyla, contains mostly terrestrial insects and myriapods (including centipedes and millipedes). The insects, the largest arthropod class, differ from other arthropods in that they are usually winged and have only three pairs of legs. Members of the Crustacea subphylum are mostly marine-dwelling and include the shrimps, lobsters, crabs, and barnacles. The microscopic water fleas are chiefly found in fresh water and, along with other minute members of this subphylum, are part of the zooplankton. Most members of the Chelicerata subphylum are arachnids, including the spiders, scorpions, ticks, and mites. The trilobites (members of the Trilobita subphylum) are extinct marine arthropods that flourished during the Cambrian Period. Fossilized remains show a body having three longitudinal lobes divided into three regions—head, thorax, and tail.

Phylum Arthropoda: The Arthropods

• Most successful animal group ever to live
• Consists of over 1 million named species, 2 of every 3 animals are arthropods. ~ 10¹⁸ individuals.
• Inhabit all ecosystems

General characteristics

• All have a hard exoskeleton
• Composed of protein and chitin
• Allows for great variation in function - biological "swiss army knives"
• Must molt as they grow
• Limits their size
• Have well developed body segments and appendages
• Have well developed sensory organs including true eyes and antennae
• Have open circulatory systems & special gas exchange organs

3 Subphylums
Subphylum Chilicerata (arachnids, horseshoe crabs & sea spiders)

• Divided into 3 classes; Arachnida, Merostomata & Pycnogonida
• Body divided into 2 regions
• Abdomen
• Cephalothorax (fused head & thorax)
• Lack jaws
• Have 6 appendages & no antennae
• First appendages form chilicerae (frequently fangs)

Class Arachnida (Spiders, Scorpions, Ticks & Mites)

• Very diverse class
• Most species parasitic or predatory
• Many possess book lungs for gas exchange
• Spiders are able to produce a strong polymer - silk
• Chilicera in form of fangs

Class Merostomata - Horseshoe crabs

• Ancient group of species
• Changed little over 350 million years
• Aquatic, mostly found on Atlantic & gulf coasts of United States.

Subphylum Uniramia: 3 classes

• Class Insecta (insects)
• Class Chilopoda (Centipedes)
• Class Diplopoda (Millipedes)

Classes Chiopoda & Diplopoda

• Millipedes (diplopoda) are segmented worm-like animals
• Have 2 pairs of legs per segment
• Primarily herbivores & decomposers

• Centipedes (Chilopoda)
• Usually terrestrial carnivores
• Have 1 pair of antennae
• Are often poisonous, using modified front claws to immobilize prey

Class Insecta (The Insects)

• Far & away the most diverse of animal groups
• More types of insects alone than all other animal groups combined
• Inhabit all terrestrial & freshwater ecosystems.
• Success largely attributed to coevolution with flowering plants.

Body Plan:

• Insects have 6 legs
• 3 body parts
• Head
• Thorax
• Abdomen
• Most insects have wings, however in many species these are vestigal
• Have advanced excretory system composed of malphygian tubules
• Exchange gasses through a complex tracheal system

•  
• Have complex compound eye which is usually extremely sensitive to motion and allows 360⁰ vision

• Have specialized jaws/mouthparts suited to their ecological niche

•  
• Most insects undergo a process of metamorphosis - 2 types
• Incomplete metamorphosis
• Larva similar to adult, with differing body proportions
• Undergoes a series of molts resulting in adult phenotype

• Complete metamorphosis
• Larva is very unlike adult phenotype
• Envelopes self in a coccoon or chrysalis where body breaks-down and reforms into adult form.

Subphylum Crustacea

• Includes crabs, lobsters, crayfish, shrimp, krill & barnacles
• Over 40,000 species
• Appendages are often highly specialized
• Gas exchange is usually through gills
• Many species taste delicious in butter